Aryan Books

MARITIME TRADE AND OVERSEAS ACTIVITIES OF EARLY INDIA: Odishan Perspective

By :- Benudhar Patra

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Pages: xxii+348

Format: HB

ISBN-13: 978-81-7305-461-7

Place: New Delhi

Edition: 1st

Publisher: ARYAN BOOKS INTERNATIONAL

Size: 22cm x 28cm

Product Year: 2013

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The present volume is a sincere attempt to have a critical and exhaustive study of the maritime trade and overseas activities of early India, particularly that of Odisha. The main concern of the work has been to frame a detailed analytical study of the maritime history of early Odisha. It analyses and illustrates various sources, traditions, customs and socio-religious festivals that contain references to the maritime activities; traces out and identifies several ports, port towns and hinterland; determines overseas as well as riverine routes that were followed by the ancient mariners; explores the methods of navigation and shipbuilding technology; makes a scientific analysis of the role of monsoon wind, waves, tides and sea currents; delineates merchandise involved in export and import and above all highlights the political aspects including emigration, colonization and decline. A detailed study has been made on the Chilika Lake which deals with the origin, time of formation, nomenclature, extent, maritime activities, shipping and shipbuilding technology and the decline of the lake. Utmost care has been taken to make the work bias free and devoid of any type of prejudice, parochial and partial feelings; it also tries to present the theme in a very objective manner with new interpretations and analyses of data. In this work, the author has tried his best to encapsulate the findings of his research with an interdisciplinary and holistic approach. The work comprehensive study and richly illustrated expected to provide new insights into the glorious maritime heritage of the early India in general and that of Odisha in particular. It will prove both stimulating as well as instructive to the students, scholars and researchers working on the maritime heritage of early India and its contacts with other parts of the world.

Foreword vii Preface ix Abbreviations xvii List of Illustrations xix 1. Introduction: Historical Background 1 2. Review of Source Materials 39 3. Ports, Port Towns and Hinterland 96 4. The Chilika Lake 124 5. Navigation and Shipbuilding 134 6. Sea Routes, Associated Dangers, Monsoon Winds, 158 Waves, Tides and Sea Currents 7. Trade and Commodities 183 8. Interaction with Other Countries 209 8.1 Kalinga and the Western World 210 8.2 Kalinga and Sinhala 214 8.3 Kalinga and Burma 226 8.4 Kalinga and Siam 233 8.5 Kalinga and Funan 238 8.6 Kalinga and Champa 247 8.7 Kalinga and Laos 252 8.8 Kalinga and Indonesia 255 8.9 Kalinga and China 277 8.10 Kalinga?s Contact with Japan and Philippines 283 9. Colonization 287 10. Decline and Conclusion 298 Bibliography 309 Index 335

Dr. Benudhar Patra is presently working as an Assistant Professor in the P.G. Department of History, Post Graduate Government College, Sector-11, Chandigarh. His field of specialization is Ancient Indian History, Culture and Archaeology. He has been teaching history for the last 21 years. He has contributed more than 85 research papers in various journals of national and international repute and in some edited books. He has completed a UGC sponsored Research Project on Urbanization in Early India and a Major Research Project sponsored by UGC is presently being conducted under his supervision. His publications include Studies in the Heritage, History and Archaeology of Orissa (Kolkata, 2008) and Dalits in Historical Perspective in North-Western India (ed.) (Delhi, 2010). His other fields of research are urban history, economic history, social history, state formation, art history, historiography and the cult of Jagannath.

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